
Longissimus Capitis O, I, A
Origin: By tendons from the posterior surfaces of the transverse processes of T1 to T5
Insertion: Posterior margin of the mastoid process of the occipital bone
Actions: Extension of the head and cervical spine
Innervation: Dorsal primary rami of C4 to T5
Blood Supply: Descending branches of the occipital artery
Primary Actions of the Longissimus Capitis
1. Extension of the head and cervical spine when acting bilaterally
- Spinalis capitis
- Splenius capitis
- Semispinalis capitis
- Sternocleidomastoid (posterior fibers)
- Longus capitis
- Sternocleidomastoid (anterior fibers)
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Secondary Actions of the Longissimus Capitis
2. Assists with ipsilateral rotation of the head and cervical spine when acting unilaterally
- Rectus capitis posterior major
- Obliquus capitis inferior
- Rectus capitis posterior major
- Obliquus capitis inferior