The extensor hallucis longus muscle contributes to and can cause pain and/or numbness in the top of the foot, pain in the big toe, and foot cramps at night. It is a contributor to hammertoe and claw toes.
The extensor digitorum longus contributes to pain in the top of the foot. It contributes to hammertoe, claw toe, and foot drop.
The extensor digitorum brevis muscle can cause pain it the top of the foot. It is also a contributor to hammer toe and claw toe.
The tibialis anterior can cause and contribute to pain in the big toe, the ankle and shine, and contributes to a weak ankle. It is also a contributor to shin splints and foot drop.
The flexor hallucis brevis muscle contributes to pain on the bottom of the foot, just under the big toe. It can also be a factor in plantar fasciitis, hammer toe, turf toe and gout.
The tibialis posterior muscle can cause and contribute to pain in the lower leg just above the heel. This pain will often extend into the heel and the bottom of the foot. The pain will sometimes extend up into the lower calf. If you have fallen arches, you should check the tibialis posterior for trigger points and tightness because dysfunction of this muscle will allow your ankles to collapse inward.